Table 5 Comparison of intersegmental ranges of motion (ROMs) in the current model with other foot models in the literature [16, 22]
From: Development of a clinically useful multi-segment kinetic foot model
Segment | Joint motion | Current model (n = 10) | Lee et al. [22] (female, n = 50) | Leardini et al. [20] (n = 9) | Jenkyn and Nicol [16] (n = 12) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ROM (Max, Min) | ROM (Max, Min) | ROM (Max, Min) | ROM (Max, Min) | ||
Hindfoot | Dorsiflexion ( +) /Plantar flexion (-) | 26.30 (7.65, -18.65) | 25.5 (14.0, -11.5) | 12.0 (4.7, -7.3) | 15 (5, -10) |
Internal ( +) / External rotation (-) | 2.71 (0.28, -2.44) | 12.8 (11.3, -1.5) | 10.7 (4.5, -6.2) |  | |
Inversion ( +) / Eversion (-) | 6.56 (4.53, -2.03) | 13.2 (9.8, -3.4) | 9.5 (2.2, -7.3) | 10 (5, -5) | |
Midfoot | Dorsiflexion ( +) /Plantar flexion (-) | 6.46 (0.77, -5.69) |  | 8.0 (2.5, -5.5) |  |
Internal ( +) / External rotation (-) | 3.71 (2.10, -1.61) |  | 2.8 (2.1, -0.7) | 8 (6, -2) | |
Inversion ( +) / Eversion (-) | 3.93 (0.27, -3.66) |  | 4.4 (3.0, -1.4) | 11 (8, -3) | |
Forefoot | Dorsiflexion ( +) /Plantar flexion (-) | 14.17 (8.23, -5.95) | 14.8 (3.5, -11.2) | 11.5 (12.6, 1.1) |  |
Internal ( +) / External rotation (-) | 7.48 (5.50, -1,98) | 10.5 (-0.5, -11.0) | 6.9 (3.7, -3.2) |  | |
Inversion ( +) / Eversion (-) | 2.82 (2.44, -0.39) | 8.7 (11.8, 3.1) | 14.3 (13.3, -1.0) | 12 (15, 3) | |
Hallux | Dorsiflexion ( +) /Plantar flexion (-) | 37.29 (38.47, 1.18) | 40.3 (30.8, -9.5) | 25.6 (26.8, 1.2) |  |
Abduction ( +) / adduction (-) | 11.63 (0.27, -11.37) | 10.4 (0.9, -11.3) | 15.7 (1.0, -14.7) |  | |
MLA height/length ratio | 0.03 (0.17, 0.14) | 0.06 (0.25, 0.19) | Â | 0.4 (1.3, 0.9) |