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Table 4 Strengthening programs that reached consensus after Round 3

From: Development of a foot and ankle strengthening program for the treatment of plantar heel pain: a Delphi consensus study

Vignette (patient)

Stage

Exercise

Sets

Repetitions

Weight

Frequency

1. Younger athletic adult

Stage 1

Hallux plantarflexion banded

4

6 to 12

8 RM

Daily

 

Digital plantarflexion banded

4

6 to 12

8 RM

Daily

 

Heel raise

4

6 to 12

8 RM

Daily

 

Short foot exercise seated

4

8 to 15

BW

Daily

Stage 2

Toe spread out

3

8 to 15

BW

Daily

 

Heel raise standing digits dorsiflexed

5

6 to 10

8 RM

Daily

 

Short foot exercise standing single leg

3

8 to 15

BW

Daily

Stage 3

Heel raise standing single leg digits dorsiflexed

5

8 to 15

10 RM

Daily

 

Walking lunges

3

12 to 25

20 RM

Daily

2. Overweight middle-aged adult

Stage 1

Short foot exercise seated

4

8 to 12

10 RM

2nd daily

 

Hallux plantarflexion banded

3

6 to 10

8 RM

2nd daily

 

Lesser digit plantarflexion banded

3

2 min

BW

2nd daily

Stage 2

Toe spread out

3

6 to 10

8 RM

2nd daily

 

Heel raise standing digits dorsiflexed

5

6 to 10

8 RM

2nd daily

 

Short foot exercise standing

3

6 to 10

8 RM

2nd daily

Stage 3

Heel raise standing digits dorsiflexed

5

6 to 10

8 RM

2nd daily

 

Walking lunges

3

12 to 20

15 RM

2nd daily

3. Older adult

Stage 1

Digital plantarflexion banded

4

8 to 12

10 RM

2nd daily

 

Short foot exercise seated

4

8 to 12

10 RM

2nd daily

 

Single leg standing

2

2 min

BW

2nd daily

Stage 2

Toe spread out

3

6 to 10

8 RM

2nd daily

 

Heel raise seated

5

6 to 10

8 RM

2nd daily

 

Digital plantarflexion banded

3

6 to 10

8 RM

2nd daily

Stage 3

Heel raise standing

3

6 to 10

8 RM

2nd daily

 

Chair squat

3

6 to 10

8 RM

2nd daily

  1. All participants begin on Stage 1 of the exercise regime. If there is no perceived difficulty or pain then progression to Stage 2 and so on for Stage 3
  2. RM Repetition maximum, BW Body weight, 2nd daily = to perform every 2nd day