From: Elastography in the assessment of the Achilles tendon: a systematic review of measurement properties
Measurement instrument | Authors & year | Participants Characteristics | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender (Male: Female) | Age range Mean ± SD (years) | Study population | Physical activity level | ||
Strain elastography | Drakonaki et al., 2009 [33] | 13 M:12F | range 20–52 38.8 ± 5.0 | Healthy tendon | NR |
Ooi et al., 2015 [27] | 90 M:30F | 44.9 ± 13.6 | Healthy tendon | occasional recreational sports | |
45.2 ± 13.1 | Achilles tendinopathy | occasional recreational sports | |||
Yamamoto et al., 2016 [34] | 16 M:9F | range 21–38 28.0 | Healthy tendon | < 1 day per week | |
Schneebeli et al., 2016 [35] | 10 M:14F | 28.8 ± 8.8 | Healthy tendon | NR | |
Payne et al., 2017 [32] | 4 M:4F | 25.5 ± 2.5 | Healthy tendon | normal daily walking | |
Schneebeli et al., 2019 [36] | 18 M:19 F | 27.1 ± 7.0 | Healthy tendon | not controlled | |
Schneebeli et al., 2021 [37] | 12 M:8F | 28.9 ± 4.16 | Healthy tendon | NR | |
Shear wave elastography—velocity | Aubry et al., 2013 [38] | 37 M:43F | range 20–83 45.4 | Healthy tendon | 37 not active, 43 > 1 h per week |
DeWall et al., 2014 [39] | 5 M:5F | 26.7 ± 4.1 | Healthy tendon | NR | |
Aubry et al. 2015 [28] | 68 M:12F | range 31–57 | Healthy tendon | NR | |
19 M:6F | range 46–63 | Achilles tendinopathy | NR | ||
Dirrichs et al., 2016 [29] | 26 M:15F | 42 ± 13.4 | Healthy tendon & Achilles tendinopathy | NR | |
Fu et al., 2016 [40] | 165 M:161F | range 19–88 48.8 ± 17.1 | Healthy tendon | NR | |
Payne et al., 2017 [32] | 7 M:7F | 26.5 ± 3.8 | Healthy tendon | normal daily walking | |
Coombes et al., 2018 [30] | 11 M:17F | 38.3 ± 16.7 | Healthy tendon | physically active | |
13 M:9F | 47.5 ± 11.4 | Achilles tendinopathy | |||
Shear wave elastography—modulus | Helfenstein-Didier et al., 2016 [41] | 12 M:0F | 23.2 ± 3.3 | Healthy tendon | NR |
Lima et al., 2017 [42] | 24 M:0F | 28.0 ± 2.0 | Healthy tendon | various levels but consistent during testing | |
Zhou et al., 2019 [43] | 14 M:6F | 22.5 ± 3.0 | Healthy tendon | normal daily walking | |
Gatz et al., 2021 [31] | 18 M:19F | range 21–69 37.0 ± 14.0 | Healthy tendon | 3.2 ± 2.4 h active per week | |
16 M:22F | range 22–75 46.0 ± 14.0 | Achilles tendinopathy | 2.3 ± 2.7 h active per week | ||
cSWE | Suydam et al., 2015 [44] | 29—gender NR | 29.0 ± 9.5 | Healthy tendon | NR |
Corrigan et al., 2019 [45] | 11 M:9F | 29.0 ± 4 | Healthy tendon | NR | |
3D SWE | Götschi et al., 2021 [46] | 6 M:4F | 28.1 ± 3.0 | Healthy tendon | physically active > 30 min of moderate activity per week |