Potential factors | dppc2 (95% CI) | No. of studies | Heterogeneity χ2 | P-value | I2 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Country | Iran | -0.158 (-0.729, 0.413) | 2 | 1.46 | 0.228 | 31.3% |
Turkey | -1.558 (-2.925, -0.190) | 5 | 68.39 | 0.000 | 94.2% | |
Korea | 0.278 (-0.768, 1.324) | 1 | - | - | - | |
Dextrose volume |  < 10 ml | -0.778 (-1.653, 0.097) | 6 | 33.74 | 0.000 | 85.2% |
10Â ml | -1.499 (-4.564, 1.566) | 2 | 44.58 | 0.000 | 97.8% | |
Dextrose concentration |  ≥ 15% | -1.321 (-2.903, 0.261) | 5 | 64.71 | 0.000 | 93.8% |
 < 15% | -.0.437 (-1.084, 0.210) | 3 | 6.77 | 0.034 | 70.5% | |
Needle | 22-gauge | -1.755 (-3.570, 0.061) | 4 | 45.10 | 0.000 | 93.3% |
25-gauge | -0.009 (-0.509, 0.492) | 2 | 0.36 | 0.546 | 0.0% | |
27-gauge | -0.997 (-1.682, -0.312) | 1 | - | - | - | |
Number of DPT sessions | 1 | -0.493 (-1.234, 0.248) | 1 | - | - | - |
2 | -0.908 (-3.054, 1.238) | 3 | 47.74 | 0.000 | 95.3% | |
3 | -1.138 (-2.391, 0.115) | 4 | 34.23 | 0.000 | 91.2% | |
Interval between DPT sessions | None | -0.493 (-1.234, 0.248) | 1 | - | - | - |
1Â week | 0.061 (-0.286, 0.409) | 2 | 0.02 | 0.892 | 0.0% | |
2Â weeks | -0.019 (-0.699, 0.661) | 2 | 0.54 | 0.463 | 0.0% | |
3Â weeks | -2.577 (-4.296, -0.857) | 3 | 22.37 | 0.000 | 91.1% | |
Ultrasound guidance | Yes | -0.217 (-0.589, 0.154) | 6 | 8.78 | 0.118 | 43.1% |
No | -3.292 (-3.980, -2.605) | 2 | 0.88 | 0.347 | 0.0% | |
Use of anesthetics | Yes | -0.750 (-1.671, 0.171) | 6 | 49.26 | 0.000 | 89.8% |
No | -1.816 (-5.644, 2.013) | 2 | 29.15 | 0.000 | 96.6% | |
Blinding | Yes | -1.588 (-2.921, -0.255) | 5 | 46.96 | 0.000 | 91.5% |
No | 0.022 (-0.301, 0.346) | 3 | 0.39 | 0.823 | 0.0% | |
Performance bias | Low | -1.755 (-3.570, 0.061) | 4 | 45.10 | 0.000 | 93.3% |
High | -0.236 (-0.726, 0.253) | 4 | 7.35 | 0.062 | 59.2% | |
Detection bias | Low | -1.588 (-2.921, -2.255) | 5 | 46.96 | 0.000 | 91.5% |
High | 0.022 (-0.301, 0.346) | 3 | 0.39 | 0.823 | 0.0% | |
Attrition bias | Low | -0.747 (-1.694, 0.201) | 6 | 44.97 | 0.000 | 88.9% |
High | -1.834 (-5.613, 1.944) | 2 | 31.27 | 0.000 | 96.8% | |
Total bias | High | -0.623 (-1.405, 0.158) | 7 | 53.08 | 0.000 | 88.7% |
Unclear | -3.812 (-5.096, -2.529) | 1 | - | - | - |