Table 2 Descriptive statistics for foot and ankle characteristics. Data presented as mean (SD) unless specified

Foot posture

FPI

4.20 (3.1)

-3-12

Arch index

0.23 (0.03)

0.16–0.34

NNHt

0.26 (0.03)

0.19–0.36

Muscle strength

Plantarflexor (kg)

10.46 (1.5)

7.77–15.85

Dorsiflexor (kg)

8.09 (1.24)

5.33–12.92

Invertor (kg)

5.98 (1.09)

3.67–8.94

Evertor (kg)

5.12 (1.10)

3.35–14.95

Hallux (%BW)

11.77 (5.98)

6-26.56

Lesser toe (%BW)

8.66 (3.82)

2.43–22.29

Range of motion

Ankle dorsiflexion (°)

15 (7.04)

2-34.67

First MTP extension (°)

47.55 (6.22)

29.67-66

Peripheral sensation

Ankle tactile sensation, n (%)

51 (27.3)

-

Deformity

Hallux valgus, n (%)

77 (41.2)

-

Foot pain

MFPDI

7.66 (8.8)

0–34

Plantar pressure

CPEI (%)

16.42 (6.64)

0.73–31.09

Pressure-time integral (%BW*S/cm²)

3.44 (1.244)

1.52–7.92

COP velocity (cm/s)

19.71 (402)

11–29