Skip to main content

Table 1 Definition of the CAST MFM and the OFM hindfoot and forefoot segments

From: Do different multi-segment foot models detect the same changes in kinematics when wearing foot orthoses?

CAST MFM

 

Proximal end

Distal end

A/P axis

M/L axis

Tracking markers

Lateral

Medial

Lateral

Medial

Hindfoot

LMAL

MMAL

LCAL

STAL

Y

X

STAL, LCAL, HF1, HF2, CAL1

Forefoot

LCAL

STAL

D5MT

D1MT

Y

X

P1MT, P3MT, P5MT

OFM

 

Plane 1

A/P axis

M/L axis

Tracking markers

Hindfoot

CAL1, CAL2, static midpoint between LCAL and STAL

From CAL1 in plane 1, parallel to the floor (Y)

Perpendicular to the plane 1 (X)

STAL, LCAL, CAL1, HF2

Forefoot

D1MT, D5MT, P5MT

Line from midpoint between P1MT and P5MT to TOE projected onto plane 1 (Y)

On plane 1, perpendicular to A/P axis (X)

P1MT, P5MT, D5MT, TOE

  1. CAST Calibrated Anatomical System Technique, MFM Multi-segment foot model, OFM Oxford Foot Model, A/P Anterioposterior, M/L Mediolateral, Marker position: CAL1 and CAL2 Inferior and superior posterior aspect of calcaneus, respectively, HF1 and HF2 Medial and lateral hindfoot, respectively, STAL Sustentaculum tali, LCAL Lateral aspect of the calcaneus, MMAL and LMAL Medial and lateral malleoli, respectively, P1MT, P5MT, and P3MT Base of the 1st and 5th metatarsals, and between the base of the 3rd and the 4th metatarsals, respectively, D1MT and D5MT Medial first and lateral fifth metatarsal heads, respectively, TOE Mid-point of the distal heads of the 2nd and 3rd metatarsals