Table 1 Patient characteristics and concordance of data
Patient characteristics | All (144) | Swab and/or culture not done (33) | Concordant (73) | Discordant (38) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years; median (IQR) | 62 (53–73) | 62 (53–73) | 61 (52–72) | 63 (55–74) | 0.31 |
Sex: male, n; (%) | 114 (79.2) | 28 (84.8) | 58 (79.4) | 28 (73.7) | 0.49 |
Type 2 Diabetes, n; (%) | 133 (92.4) | 33 (100) | 64 (87.7) | 36 (94.7) | 0.24 |
Cohort recruited in 2019, n; (%) | 97 (67.4) | 24 (72.7) | 52 (71.2) | 21 (55.3) | 0.53 |
HbA1c, %; median (IQR) | 8.9 (7.6–10.9) | 9 (7.8–11.1) | 9 (7.6–10.9) | 8.4 (7.4–9.8) | 0.41 |
Chronic kidney disease stage, n; (%) | |||||
0 | 71 (49.3) | 19 (57.6) | 8 (11.0) | 17 (44.7) | 0.74 |
1 | 2 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 2 (2.7) | 0 (0) | |
2 | 17 (11.8) | 2 (6.1) | 8 (11.0) | 7 (18.4) | |
3 | 33 (22.9) | 6 (18.2) | 18 24.7) | 9 (23.7) | |
4 | 15 (10.4) | 5 (15.2) | 6 (8.2) | 4 (10.5) | |
5 | 6 (3.5) | 1 (3.0) | 4 (5.5) | 1 (2.6) | |
Haemodialysis, n; (%) | 3 | 1 (3.0) | 1 (1.4) | 1 (2.6) | 0.64 |
Charcot neuroarthropathy (acute or chronic), n; (%) | 10 | 3 (9.1) | 3 (4.1) | 4 (10.5) | 0.19 |
IDSA/IWGDF Infection Score on admission | 3 (3–4) | 3 (3–4) | 3 (3–3) | 3 (3–3.75) | 0.22 |
Amputation characteristics | |||||
Amputation of first ray (hallux), n; (%) | 47 | 11 (33.3) | 25 (34.2) | 11 (28.9) | 0.57 |
Amputation of fifth ray, n; (%) | 53 | 10 (30.3) | 25 (34.2) | 18 (47.4) | 0.18 |
Most proximal amputation, n; (%) | |||||
Transphalangeal | 48 (33.3) | 11 (33.3) | 28 (38.4) | 9 (23.7) | 0.12 |
Transmetatarsal | 96 (66.7) | 22 (66.7) | 45 (61.6) | 29 (76.3) | |
Amputation of > 1 ray, n; (%) | 37 (25.7) | 9 (27.3) | 18 (24.7) | 10 (26.3) | 0.85 |
Angioplasty during admission, n; (%) | 24 (16.7) | 7 (21.2) | 18 (24.7) | 6 (15.8) | 0.92 |
Microbiology | |||||
Superficial swabs sent for culture | 118 (81.9) | 13 (39.4) | 73 (100) | 38 (100) | NA |
Culture results from superficial swab, n (%) | |||||
No growth | 28 (19.4) | 3 (23.1) | 15 (20.5) | 10 (26.3) | 0.52 |
Monomicrobial | 65 (45.1) | 8 (65.5) | 35 (47.9) | 22 (57.9) | |
Polymicrobial | 25 (17.4) | 2 (15.4) | 17 (23.3) | 6 (15.8) | |
Time between swab and amputation, days; median (IQR) | 3 (1–4) | NA | 3 (1–4.5) | 2 (1–5) | 0.75 |
Marginal bone sample sent for culture, n; (%) | 131 (91%) | 20 (60.6) | 73 (100) | 38 (100) | NA |
Culture results from marginal bone sample, n; (%) | |||||
No growth | 42 (29.2) | 8 (40) | 34 (46.6) | 0 (0) | < 0.0001 |
Monomicrobial | 51 (35.4) | 4 (20) | 30 (41.1) | 17 (44.7) | |
Polymicrobial | 38 (36.4) | 8 (40) | 9 (12.3) | 21 (55.3) | |
Planned antibiotic duration post amputation, weeks; median (IQR) | 2 (2–4) | 2 (2–4) | 2 (2–4) | 2 (2–4) | 0.61 |
Outcome within 6 months | |||||
Complete healing, n; (%) | 80 (61.5) [of 130] | 13 (41.9) [of 31] | 43 (67.1) [of 64] | 24 (68.6) [of 35] | 0.89 |
Further surgery, n; (%) | 35 (26.7) [of 131] | 12 (38.7) [of 31] | 17 (26.6) [of 64] | 6 (16.7) [of 36] | 0.26 |
Major amputation, n; (%) | 5 (3.8) [of 131] | 2 (6.1) | 3 (4.8) [of 63] | 0 (0) | 0.18 |
Death, n; (%) | 4 (2.8) [of 143] | 1 (3.0) | 3 (4.2) [of 71] | 0 (0) | 0.20 |