Fig. 2

Measurement of the parameters of the TA and the tibia. The tibial length was measured from the upper end of the medial condyle to the top of the medial malleolus. Points A and P indicate the levels of attachment of the anterior and posterior fibers of the TA, respectively. The dotted S-curve shows the anterior border of the tibia. The levels at which the S-curve protrudes most medially and laterally are indicated as S1 and S2, respectively. The length from the upper end of the medial condyle to points A, P, S1, and S2 were measured (distances A, P, S1, and S2, respectively). The ratio of the length from the upper end of the medial condyle to points A, P, S1, and S2 to the tibial length (T) was calculated as a percentage (A-T, P–T, S1-T, and S2-T ratios, respectively). MC, medial condyle; MM, medial malleolus; TT, tibial tuberosity