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Table 3 Inter- and intra-tester repeatability of AFM

From: The Amsterdam Foot Model: a clinically informed multi-segment foot model developed to minimize measurement errors in foot kinematics

 

Inter-tester

Intra-tester

σ (°)

SEM (°)

σ (°)

SEM (°)

Angle

Plane

Curve

Static

ROM

Curve

Static

ROM

Curve

Static

ROM

Curve

Static

ROM

HF-SK

Sag.

3.5 [1.9]

3.1 [2.4]

0.9 [1.4]

3.6

3.7

1.3

2.1 [1.9]

1.2 [2.7]

1.2 [0.7]

2.5

2.4

1.2

Front.

2.0 [2.4]

2.4 [3.0]

0.6 [0.8]

4.3

3.7

1.1

2.3 [2.7]

1.9 [3.4]

0.3 [0.4]

5.2

5.2

0.4

Trans.

3.4 [3.2]

3.5 [2.4]

0.5 [1.5]

4.7

3.8

1.1

1.6 [1.9]

1.7 [1.7]

0.6 [0.7]

2.7

2.5

0.9

FF-HF

Sag.

5.3 [3.5]

3.2 [4.3]

0.6 [0.8]

5.4

4.9

0.8

1.4 [3.3]

2.3 [2.3]

0.6 [0.6]

2.9

2.6

1.0

Front.

2.7 [6.0]

2.9 [5.8]

1.0 [1.1]

5.5

5.0

1.4

3.3 [2.2]

3.4 [2.1]

0.6 [0.6]

4.8

4.8

0.8

Trans.

1.9 [3.0]

1.8 [2.0]

1.0 [1.7]

3.2

2.9

1.8

1.2 [2.9]

1.9 [3.1]

0.6 [1.1]

2.8

2.9

0.9

FF-SK

Sag.

2.9 [2.4]

1.5 [2.0]

1.4 [2.2]

3.3

2.6

2.2

2.3 [1.7]

1.1 [1.8]

1.3 [1.0]

2.9

2.6

1.6

Front.

1.3 [1.1]

0.9 [1.3]

1.2 [1.0]

2.4

1.8

1.5

1.4 [1.2]

1.4 [2.4]

0.7 [0.8]

2.8

2.7

1.0

Trans.

3.4 [4.1]

4.8 [4.1]

0.9 [1.6]

4.7

4.8

1.8

2.2 [1.3]

1.7 [2.2]

0.4 [0.8]

2.6

2.4

0.8

MF-HF

Sag.

3.6 [4.6]

3.0 [4.5]

1.0 [0.7]

5.6

5.1

1.4

2.5 [2.1]

2.2 [2.1]

0.7 [1.1]

2.9

3.4

1.2

Front.

2.7 [5.5]

2.4 [4.1]

0.7 [0.7]

5.6

5.2

1.0

2.5 [2.7]

2.0 [1.9]

0.5 [0.6]

4.5

4.4

0.8

Trans.

5.5 [4.2]

4.8 [3.6]

1.5 [0.8]

6.3

5.5

1.7

1.9 [3.6]

2.3 [3.8]

0.7 [0.6]

3.8

3.8

1.2

FF-MF

Sag.

4.8 [5.3]

5.4 [4.5]

0.5 [0.9]

6.6

6.1

0.8

2.3 [3.0]

1.6 [2.3]

0.4 [0.3]

3.0

2.6

0.7

Front.

3.3 [3.2]

2.5 [4.4]

0.9 [0.8]

3.4

3.7

1.1

2.4 [2.4]

2.6 [2.7]

0.6 [0.7]

3.1

3.0

0.8

Trans.

2.7 [3.2]

2.5 [1.9]

0.5 [0.4]

3.5

3.0

0.7

2.0 [1.2]

2.0 [1.6]

0.3 [0.3]

2.9

2.8

0.5

FFM-MF

Sag.

6.4 [6.1]

5.7 [5.8]

1.2 [1.1]

7.5

7.0

1.6

3.1 [1.7]

2.3 [1.2]

0.9 [1.0]

4.1

3.3

1.3

Front.

12.2 [8.7]

11.6 [11.2]

0.5 [0.8]

12.4

11.5

1.0

3.1 [3.6]

3.1 [3.6]

0.4 [0.4]

4.1

4.3

0.4

Trans.

3.0 [3.6]

3.5 [2.7]

0.4 [0.5]

4.6

3.7

0.7

3.1 [3.4]

2.8 [2.7]

0.2 [0.5]

4.2

3.8

0.6

FFL-MF

Sag.

3.1 [2.2]

2.7 [3.1]

0.7 [0.6]

4.4

4.2

1.1

1.9 [1.8]

1.9 [1.4]

0.6 [0.8]

2.2

2.2

0.9

Front.

2.1 [1.7]

1.9 [2.1]

0.5 [0.8]

3.2

3.1

0.7

1.0 [2.0]

0.9 [1.9]

0.5 [0.5]

1.9

1.9

0.6

Trans.

2.9 [4.0]

2.1 [3.1]

0.3 [0.5]

4.4

3.6

0.5

2.1 [2.3]

2.2 [2.3]

0.4 [0.3]

3.7

3.3

0.5

HX-FFM

Sag.

9.0 [7.0]

6.5 [7.7]

4.2 [1.6]

9.2

8.0

4.6

1.6 [2.3]

1.3 [2.7]

1.1 [1.0]

2.6

2.6

1.4

Front.

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

Trans.

2.8 [1.5]

2.4 [3.1]

3.2 [3.1]

4.0

3.2

4.2

2.9 [2.5]

2.9 [2.6]

2.1 [1.8]

4.0

3.6

2.6

MLA

 

1.4 [1.9]

1.9 [2.6]

0.4 [0.6]

3.1

6.7

1.0

1.2 [1.5]

1.3 [1.4]

0.4 [0.5]

2.2

2.1

0.8

TTA

 

10.2 [5.7]

7.1 [7.0]

0.4 [1.1]

9.3

8.6

1.1

2.7 [2.3]

2.8 [2.9]

0.5 [0.8]

4.1

4.4

0.8