Table 2 Current management practices

Determining extent of infection prior to surgical treatment ¹

Based on international classification system

13/49 (26.5%)

9/29 (31.0%)

4/20 (20.0%)

²

Based on extent of erythema

27/49 (55.1%)

18/29 (62.1%)

9/20 (45.0%)

Based on extent of skin with raised temps

19/49 (38.8%)

14/29 (48.3%)

5/20 (25.0%)

Based on amount and type of wound exudate

21/49 (42.9%)

14/29 (48.3%)

7/20 (35.0%)

Based on extent of swelling

20/49 (40.8%)

15/29 (51.7%)

5/20 (25.0%)

Based on degree of tissue necrosis

30/49 (61.2%)

19/29 (65.5%)

11/20 (55.0%)

Others

18/49 (36.7%)

6/29 (20.7%)

12/20 (60.0%)

Wound sampling prior to surgical treatment

Tissue or bone biopsy

17/49 (34.7%)

4/29 (13.8%)

13/20 (65.0%)

p < 0.001 ³

Wound swab

27/49 (55.1%)

22/29 (75.9%)

5/20 (25.0%)

Others

5/49 (10.2%)

3/29 (10.3%)

2/20 (10.0%)

Guideline usage

Yes

14/49 (28.6%)

10/29 (34.5%)

4/20 (7.4%)

P = 0.435 ⁴

No

35/49 (71.4%)

19/29 (65.5%)

16/20 (29.6%)

Antibiotic choice

Piperacillin/Tazobactam

21/41 (51.2%)

13/22 (59.1%)

8/19 (42.1%)

p = 0.871 ³

Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid

8/41 (19.5%)

4/22 (18.2%)

4/19 (21.1%)

Cefazolin

5/41 (12.2%)

2/22 (9.1%)

3/19 (15.8%)

Defer to guidelines or infectious diseases

5/41 (12.2%)

2/22 (9.1%)

3/19 (15.8%)

Other antibiotics

2/41 (4.9%)

1/22 (4.5%)

1/19 (5.3%)

Antibiotic route

IV

31/40 (77.5%)

18/21 (85.7%)

13/19 (68.4%)

p = 0.518 ³

IV + Oral

2/40 (5.0%)

1/21 (4.8%)

1/19 (5.3%)

Defer to guidelines or infectious diseases physicians

5/40 (12.5%)

2/21 (9.5%)

3/19 (15.8%)

Others

2/40 (5.0%)

0/21 (0.0%)

2/19 (10.5%)

Wound dressing selection ¹

Iodine-based dressings

26/42 (61.9%)

14/22 (63.6%)

12/20 (60.0%)

²

Betadine paint

10/42 (23.8%)

9/22 (40.9%)

1/20 (5.0%)

Saline soaked packing

19/42 (45.2%)

12/22 (54.5%)

7/20 (35.0%)

Betadine soaked packing

13/42 (31.0%)

10/22 (45.5%)

3/20 (15.0%)

Chlorohexidine-based dressings

1/42 (2.4%)

0/22 (0.0%)

1/20 (5.0%)

Silver-based dressings

23/42 (54.8%)

11/22 (50.0%)

12/20 (60.0%)

Honey-based dressings

1/42 (2.4%)

0/22 (0.0%)

1/20 (5.0%)

Negative pressure therapy

38/42 (90.5%)

19/22 (86.4%)

19/20 (95.0%)

No dressing

2/42 (4.8%)

2/22 (9.1%)

0/20 (0.0%)

Others

9/42 (21.4%)

8/22 (36.4%)

1/20 (5.0%)

Wound closure after debridement ¹

Healing by primary closure

19/42 (45.2%)

10/22 (45.5%)

9/20 (45.0%)

²

Healing by delayed primary closure

27/42 (64.3%)

13/22 (59.1%)

14/20 (70.0%)

Superficial skin graft

18/42 (42.9%)

13/22 (59.1%)

5/20 (25.0%)

Healing by secondary intention

39/42 (92.9%)

20/22 (90.9%)

19/20 (95.0%)