Table 5 Factors associated with podoconiosis among people who are living in Gamo zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2021

Gender

Male

10

270

1

Female

32

371

0.429(0.208–0.889)

0.525 0.240, 1.145

0.105

Marital status

Never married

7

62

1

1

Married

32

532

0.533(226, 1.258)

0.487(0.153,1.547)

0.223

Widowed

2

37

0.479(094,2.427)

0.194(0.029,1.297)

0.091

Divorced

1

10

0.886(098,7.987)

0.861 0.077,9.615

0.903

Wealth index (quintiles)

Lowest

5

129

0.617(0.209, 0.381)

0.249 (0.073, 0.845)

0.026*

Second

6

139

0.687(0.248,0.470)

0.607(0 .204, 1.807)

0.370

Middle

17

183

1.478(0.673, 0.330)

1.416(0.594, 3.377)

0.433

Fourth

3

15

3.182(0.800, 0.100)

2.765(0 .578, 13.231)

0.203

Highest

11

175

1

1

Number of shoes owned

One pair

20

147

7.45(1.72–32.16)

6.199(1.281, 29.98)

0.023*

Two pairs

9

260

0.7(0.133–3.68)

1.678(0.325,8.669)

0.537

Three pairs

11

160

1.57(0.32–7.79)

3.508(0.693,17.76)

0.129

More than three pairs

2

74

1

1

Types of foot wear at time of interview

not footwear

7

46

1.461(0.433, 4.932)

0.977(0.237,4.023)

0.975

hard plastics

22

332

0.636(0.230–1.759)

0.859(0.251,2.933)

0.808

canavas

8

215

0.357(0.112–1.140)

0.421(0.106,1.675)

0.219

open sandal

5

46

1

Times when individual do not wear shoes

During farming work

7

63

2.374(0.959,5.877)

1.461(0.499,4.280)

0.490

During non-farming work

3

46

1.394(0.397–4.890)

1.092(0.268,4.452)

0.903

at home

13

126

2.205(1.059–4.590)

2.448(1.041,5.754)

0.040*

never walks bare foot

19

406

1

1

Soap using during foot washing

Yes

20

393

1

No

22

248

1.74(0.932,3.26)

2.773(1.210, 6.355)

0.016*

Family history of leg swelling

yes

18

89

4.652 (2.426,8.918)

4.69 (2.215,9.935)

0.000*

No

24

552

1

Feet cleanness at time of interview

Clean and intact feet

26

487

1

1

Dirty feet

14

125

2.09(1.064, 4.136)

0.353 (0.996,5.557)

0.051

Both dirty and cracked feet

2

29

1.29(0.292,5.710)

1.741(0.324,9.362)

0.518

Distance of water source

Near home (less than 30 min)

1

1

More than 30 min

0.681(0.362–1.27)

0.705(0.323 1.541)

0.381

Time taken to heath facility

< 1.5 h

21

416

1

> 1.5 h

21

225

1.84(0.98,3.5)

1.409(0.689,2.87)

0.347