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Table 3 Intra-assessor measurement properties for ultrasound morphology of selected foot muscles and plantar fascia

From: Intra-assessor reliability and measurement error of ultrasound measures for foot muscle morphology in older adults using a tablet-based ultrasound machine

  

Older

      

Younger

              
  

Tablet-based

     

Tablet-based

     

Mainframe

      
  

n

ICC

CI -

CI +

SEM

%SEM

SDC

%SDC

n

ICC

CI -

CI +

SEM

%SEM

SDC

%SDC

n

ICC

CI -

CI +

SEM

%SEM

SDC

%SDC

AbH

CSA

18

0.96

0.90

0.99

10

5.0

28

13.9

10

0.98

0.93

1.00

8

4.2

22

11.6

10

0.98

0.93

1.00

9

4.9

26

13.6

 

Th

18

0.87

0.68

0.95

0.7*

7.0

2.0

19.3

10

0.99

0.98

1.00

0.2

1.6

0.5

4.5

10

0.97

0.84

0.99

0.4*

3.7

1.1

10.3

FDB

CSA

12

0.96

0.88

0.99

14*

5.7

39

15.7

10

0.98

0.91

0.99

8

3.6

21

10.0

10

0.94

0.77

0.99

13

6.3

37

17.6

 

Th

18

0.91

0.77

0.96

0.7

6.3

1.8

17.4

10

0.87

0.58

0.97

0.8

7.6

2.3

21.0

10

0.82

0.47

0.95

1.0

9.2

2.7

25.4

QP

CSA

18a

0.75

0.44

0.90

17

9.7

47

26.8

0

–

 -

 -

–

–

–

–

0

–

 -

 -

–

–

–

–

 

Th

12

0.92

0.70

0.98

0.4

4.2

1.0

11.6

10

0.93

0.77

0.98

0.3

2.6

0.7

7.3

10

0.93

0.73

0.98

0.3

2.8

0.8

7.8

FHB

Th

18

0.78

0.50

0.91

0.8

5.7

2.2

15.7

10

0.93

0.75

0.98

0.6

4.0

1.6

11.2

10

0.93

0.74

0.98

0.5

3.5

1.5

9.7

AbDM

Th

12

0.89

0.41

0.97

0.5

5.2

1.3

14.3

10a

0.96

0.85

0.99

0.4

3.7

1.1

10.2

10a

0.89

0.64

0.97

0.7

6.3

2.0

17.4

PFprox

Th

12b

0.94

0.80

0.98

0.23*

6.0

0.65

16.5

10

0.96

0.87

0.99

0.12

3.5

0.34

9.6

10

0.95

0.80

0.99

0.14

4.3

0.40

12.0

PFmid

Th

18

0.70

0.35

0.88

0.19*

7.7

0.51

21.4

10

0.88

0.60

0.97

0.12

5.8

0.34

16.0

10

0.93

0.75

0.98

0.10

4.8

0.28

13.2

PFdist

Th

12

0.57

0.06

0.85

0.11

8.0

0.30

22.2

10

0.44

−0.18

0.82

0.13

11.0

0.37

30.6

10

0.89

0.65

0.97

0.06*

5.0

0.15

13.9

TAlong

Th

18a

0.92

0.79

0.97

1.0

3.9

2.7

10.8

10

0.62

0.02

0.89

1.4

6.4

4.0

17.7

10

0.68

0.17

0.91

1.3

6.0

3.7

16.7

TAtrans

Th

18

0.94

0.85

0.98

0.8*

3.2

2.2

8.9

10

0.67

0.08

0.91

1.3

5.9

3.6

16.2

10

0.63

0.09

0.89

1.3

6.0

3.7

16.6

FDL

CSA

18

0.79

0.53

0.92

23

11.9

64

33.1

10

0.94

0.39

0.99

15

10.3

42

28.5

10

0.95

0.82

0.99

13

9.3

37

25.9

PERlong

Th

18

0.88

0.69

0.95

0.8

5.3

2.1

14.6

10

0.90

0.67

0.97

0.7

5.0

1.8

13.7

10

0.84

0.49

0.96

1.0*

7.2

2.8

19.9

PERtrans

Th

18

0.84

0.43

0.95

0.9

6.8

2.6

18.9

10

0.93

0.76

0.98

0.6

4.5

1.7

12.4

10

0.87

0.59

0.97

0.9

6.9

2.6

19.0

FHLlong

Th

12

0.94

0.81

0.98

0.8*

3.2

2.2

8.8

8

0.98

0.92

1.00

0.3

1.4

1.0

3.9

8

0.93

0.61

0.99

1.0

3.9

2.6

10.8

FHLtrans

Th

7

0.97

0.86

1.00

0.7

2.8

1.9

7.7

10

0.96

0.87

0.99

0.6

2.8

1.8

7.7

10

0.98

0.91

0.99

0.6

2.7

1.7

7.3

  1. ICC: intra-class correlation coefficient, CI- and CI+: lower and upper limit of the 95% confidence interval, SEM: standard error of measurement, SDC: smallest detectable change, CSA: cross-sectional area, th: thickness, AbH: m. abductor hallucis, FDB: m. flexor digitorum brevis, QP: m. quadratus plantae, FHB: m. flexor hallucis brevis, AbDM: m. abductor digiti minimi, PF: plantar fascia, prox: proximal, mid: middle, dist: distal, TA: m. tibialis anterior, long: longitudinal, trans: transverse, FDL: m. flexor digitorum longus, PER: m. musculus peroneus longus + brevis, FHL: m. flexor hallucis longus. The units of measurement for the SEM and SDC are mm (thickness), mm2 (CSA), or a percentage of the group mean muscle size (%SEM and %SDC). a indicates a non-normal distribution for the difference between the repeated measurements. b indicates the presence of heteroscedasticity. * indicates a significant difference (P < 0.05) across age groups or ultrasound machines
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Journal of Foot and Ankle Research

ISSN: 1757-1146