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Table 3 Lower leg muscle function for 20 MTSS symptomatic and 20 control limbs

From: Lower leg muscle structure and function are altered in long-distance runners with medial tibial stress syndrome: a case control study

Variables

MTSS symptomatic limbs

95 % CI

Control limbs

95 % CI

Mean difference

Cohen’s d

p-value

FDL (% BW)

15.8 (5)

12.8–18.7

18.6 (6.8)

15.6–21.6

2.8

0.47

0.111

FHL (% BW)

20.3 (5.8)

16.1–24.4

27 (11.2)

22.8–31.1

6.7

0.75

0.023*

Gastrocnemius (% BW)

75 (10.0)

68.1–85.0

79.6 (14.1)

72.7–89.6

4.6

0.38

0.085

P (% BW)

27.9 (6.3)

24.5–31.4

33.5 (7.5)

30.1–36.9

5.6

0.81

0.010*

SOL (% BW)

63.7 (13.5)

55.3–71.2

72.7 (15.9)

65.3–80.5

9

0.61

0.035*

TA (% BW)

33.5 (7.8)

28.0-38.8

42 (12.3)

36.5–47.3

8.5

0.83

0.005*

Ankle plantar flexor endurance (heel raise repetitions)

33.2 (12.7)

5.1–66.2

75.4 (73.8)

47.3-108.4

42.2

0.80

0.005*

  1. Values are mean (± SD), *p < 0.05
  2. CI confidence interval, FDL flexor digitorum longus, FHL flexor hallucis longus, GL gastrocnemius lateral head, GM gastrocnemius medial head, peroneals, SOL  soleus, TA tibialis anterior, Mean difference = Control – MTSS symptomatic limbs
  3. *significant difference