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Table 2 – Description of Included Studies

From: Non-pharmacological interventions and corticosteroid injections for the management of the Achilles tendon in inflammatory arthritis: a systematic review

Author, year

Study Type

Participant Description

No. Entered / Completed study

Follow up period

Intervention

Outcome measures

Huang et al. [26]

OBS

AS patients with unilateral refractory AT enthesitis

• M:F 6:1

• Disease Duration: 6.1 ± 5.7 years)

12 entered/ 12 completed (12 AT).

7 treated with corticosteroid

2,4,8 and 12 weeks

7 patients injected with 1 ml betamethasone

o Pain

o Entheseal thickness

(US derived)

o Bone erosion

o Bursitis

o Enthesophyte

Srivastava & Aggarwal [27]

OBS

SpA patients with symptomatic AT enthesitis

• M:F 8:1

• Subtypes:

AS–10

JSpA–5

PsA–1

IBDA–1

USpA-1

29 patients (40 AT) entered/

18 patients (27 AT) completed

6 weeks

20 mg methylprednisolone injected

o Pain

o Entheseal thickness

o Bone erosion

o Bursitis

o Enthesophyte

o Entheseal hypoechogenecity (Doppler US)

o Peritendinous oedema

  1. OBS Observational study, AT Achilles tendon, US Ultrasound, M:F Male:Female ratio,
  2. AS Ankylosing spondylitis, SpA Spondyloarthropathies, JSpA Juvenile Spondyloarthropathy, PsA Psoriatic Arthritis,
  3. IBDA Inflammatory Bowel Disease-associated Arthritis, USpA Undifferentiated Spondyloarthropathy.