Correlations between weight-bearing 3D bone architecture and dynamic plantar pressure measurements in the diabetic foot

Belvedere, Claudio; Giacomozzi, Claudia; Carrara, Claudio; Lullini, Giada; Caravaggi, Paolo; Berti, Lisa; Marchesini, Giulio; Baccolini, Luca; Durante, Stefano; Leardini, Alberto

doi:10.1186/s13047-020-00431-x

Journal of Foot and Ankle Research

Table 2 Mean ± standard deviation of LOAD parameters, and of those 3D alignment parameters which significantly correlated (Pearson’s correlation test) with them

From: Correlations between weight-bearing 3D bone architecture and dynamic plantar pressure measurements in the diabetic foot

	Neuropathic patients (N)	Non-neuropathic patients (D)	All patients (ALL)	Patient with LADA
Load at Hallux
PP (kPa)	336 ± 116	396 ± 153	363 ± 133	290
PTI (kPa*s)	69 ± 39	80 ± 36	74 ± 35	61
PTI_N	71 ± 36	93 ± 42	82 ± 39	62
Load at I metatarsal head
PP (kPa)	391 ± 73^a	182 ± 55	279 ± 120	270
PTI (kPa*s)	102 ± 37^b	44 ± 11	71 ± 38	72
PTI_N	107 ± 31^c	51 ± 12	77 ± 35	73
Load at II-IV metatarsal heads
PP (kPa)	477 ± 216	375 ± 146	418 ± 178	355
PTI (kPa*s)	131 ± 47^d	85 ± 31	106 ± 43	96
PTI_N	143 ± 63	98 ± 36	118 ± 52	97
Load at V metatarsal head
PP (kPa)	283 ± 206	172 ± 108	220 ± 160	165
PTI (kPa*s)	93 ± 66	53 ± 34	70 ± 53	38
PTI_N	98 ± 68	61 ± 39	76 ± 54	39
Absolute 3D dorsiflexion of phalanx
I3_P1 (°)	−9.6 ± 3.1	−11.4 ± 4.4	−10.8 ± 3.9	−14.7
I3_P2 (°)	4.9 ± 9.8	5.8 ± 9.1	5.7 ± 8.9	10.0
I3_P3 (°)	5.7 ± 8.2	2.6 ± 7.8	4.6 ± 7.9	12.8
I3_P4 (°)	7.2 ± 6.8	1.7 ± 7.6	5.3 ± 8.4	21.3
I3_P5 (°)	9.4 ± 7.9	3.4 ± 3.6	7.5 ± 8.1	26.9
Relative (metatarsal-phalanx) lateral dorsiflexion
RL_M1P1 (°)	11.7 ± 6.0	12.8 ± 4.8	12.2 ± 5.1	11.7
RL_M2P2 (°)	30.4 ± 10.9	32.2 ± 7.0	32.1 ± 9.0	43.4
RL_M3P3 (°)	27.9 ± 9.9	24.2 ± 6.7	26.8 ± 8.6	39.4
RL_M4P4 (°)	21.5 ± 7.4	16.9 ± 6.1	20.4 ± 8.7	41.5
RL_M5P5 (°)	16.1 ± 8.4	12.9 ± 4.3	16.1 ± 9.1	40.8

Legend:
^aN statistically higher than D (Student’s t-test, p-value < 0.0001)
^bN statistically higher than D (Student’s t-test, p-value = 0.0052)
^cN statistically higher than D (Student’s t-test, p-value = 0.0024)
^dN statistically higher than D (Student’s t-test, p-value = 0.0494)
Last column on the right contains the corresponding values for the only one LADA patient included in the dataset. Negative Dorsiflexion means Plantarflexion.
LOAD at Hallux correlated with 3D phalanx absolute inclination I3_P1 (N: R² = 0.59; p-value = 0.045), I3_P3 (ALL: R² = 0.30; p-value = 0.030) and I3_P5 (D: R² = 0.62; p-value = 0.020).
LOAD at I metatarsal head correlated with 3D phalanx absolute inclination I3_P4 (N: R² = 0.80; p-value = 0.007; ALL: R² = 0.29; p-value = 0.030) and I3_P5 (N: R² = 0.58; p-value = 0.047; ALL: R² = 0.25; p-value = 0.048), and with lateral metatarsal-phalanx relative orientation RL_M3P3 (N: R² = 0.64; p-value = 0.030), RL_M4P4 (N: R² = 0.85; p-value = 0.003; ALL: R² = 0.25; p-value = 0.049) and RL_M5P5 (N: R² = 0.73; p-value = 0.014).
LOAD at II-IV metatarsal heads correlated with 3D phalanx absolute inclination I3_P2 (N: R² = 0.77; p-value = 0.010; ALL: R² = 0.42; p-value = 0.007) and I3_P3 (N: R² = 0.74; p-value = 0.013; ALL: R² = 0.28; p-value = 0.037), and with lateral metatarsal-phalanx relative orientation RL_M2P2 (N: R² = 0.76; p-value = 0.011; ALL: R² = 0.38; p-value = 0.011) and RL_M3P3 (N: R² = 0.74; p-value = 0.013; ALL: R² = 0.28; p-value = 0.034).
LOAD at V metatarsal head did not correlate with 3D bone alignment parameters

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ISSN: 1757-1146

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