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Table 5 Comparison between sites utilizing HRFT vs other care models for assessing moderate risk patients

From: Organizational changes in diabetic foot care practices for patients at low and moderate risk after implementing a comprehensive foot care program in Alberta, Canada

 

All

HRFT

Clinic/ hospital team

P-value

N unique sites

36

13

20

 

 PHC

10

5

5

0.574

 Outpatient

6

3

3

 

 Acute care

1

0

1

 

 Wound clinic

4

2

2

 

 HC/LTC

9

5

4

 

 Community care

1

0

1

 

 Private/independent

2

0

2

 

 Multiple areas of practice

6

1

5

 

N for geographical location:

   

0.015

 Metro & Urban

21

11

8

 

 Rural

10

2

7

 

 Remote

2

0

2

 

 First Nations

3

0

3

 

Services provided

 

N (%)

N (%)

 

 Skin and nail care

Provide skin & nail care

5 (38)

15 (75)

0.067

Provide a list of community resources

11 (85)

13 (65)

0.264

Refer to podiatrist

9 (69)

18 (90)

0.184

 Assess structural deformities

Provide education

11 (85)

17 (85)

1.00

Refer podiatrist or orthopedic specialist

11 (85)

18 (90)

 

Other

0

2 (10)

 Address footwear problems

Provide education

13 (100)

19 (95)

0.501

Refer to AADL

9 (69)

7 (35)

0.0799

Refer without AADL authorization

8 (62)

8 (40)

0.296

Other

5 (38)

5 (25)

 

 Assess vascular problems

Perform vascular assessment

13 (100)

20 (100)

1.00

Refer to GP

5 (38)

16 (80)

0.0265

Refer to vascular lab

10 (77)

10 (50)

0.1595

 Vascular assessment methodology

ABPI

7 (54)

8 (40)

0.4928

PPG

9 (69)

8 (40)

0.151

ABPI + PPG

7 (54)

7 (35)

0.472

Pedal pulses

12 (92)

12 (60)

0.0560

Perform all 3 tests

7 (54)

7 (35)

0.472

Other

1 (8)

1 (5)

 

 Assess loss of protective sensation

Refer to physician

10 (77)

18 (90)

 

Treat neuropathic pain

3 (23)

2 (10)

 
  1. Statistical analysis using Fisher’s Exact Test. For discussion purposes, p < 0.1 was considered significant given the small number of sites available for comparison
  2. Abbreviations: AADL Alberta Aids to Daily Living, ABPI Ankle-brachial pressure index, GP General practitioner, HC/LTC Homecare/long-term care, PHC Primary health care, PPG Photoplethysmography toe pressure
  3. Metro, urban, rural and remote were defined according to Alberta Health Services and Alberta Health criteria [28]. N = 3 sites responded “other” (one referred to home care, two were themselves referral sites)