Table 3 Standing broad jump kinematics of participants when wearing control and prefabricated orthosis

 Hip - sagittal (°)

Normal arched

5.1 ± 6.9

5.8 ± 8.4

− 0.7 [− 2.9,1.5]

.945

.409

.799

Flat-footed

5.1 ± 7.2

5.5 ± 7.1

− 0.0 [− 0.0,0.0]

MD_foot [95% CI]

0.0 [−5.7,5.78]

0.4 [−6.1,6.9]

 Knee - sagittal (°)

Normal arched

26.6 ± 11.2

26.1 ± 14.7

−0.5 [−4.3,3.2]

.803

.932

.723

Flat-footed

24.9 ± 14.8

25.2 ± 14.4

0.3 [−2.4,3.0]

MD_foot [95% CI]

−1.8 [− 12.3,8.8]

−0.9 [− 12.9,11.0]

 Ankle - sagittal (°)

Normal arched

30.7 ± 5.6

30.2 ± 5.7

−0.2 [−1.7,1.5]

.050

.768

.989

Flat-footed

25.6 ± 6.6

25.5 ± 5.9

−0.2 [−1.5,1.2]

MD_foot [95% CI]

−4.7 [−9.7,0.2]

− 4.7 [−9.5,-0.0]

 Ankle - frontal (°)

Normal arched

4.7 ± 5.9

3.8 ± 5.0

0.9 {−0.3,2.1]

.098

.028

.583

Flat-footed

8.7 ± 5.0

7.2 ± 6.5

1.4 [−0.5,1.6]

MD_foot [95% CI]

−4.0 [−8.5,0.4]

−3.5 [−8.1,1.2]

 Hip - sagittal (°/s)

Normal arched

769.2 ± 266.6

692.2 ± 248.9

−77.0 [−282.6128.6]

.013

.420

.600

Flat-footed

572.6 ± 138.4

556.2 ± 108.5

−16.4 [−61.2,28.4]

MD_foot [95% CI]

− 196.6 [− 378.8,14.5]

− 136.1 [− 302.0, 29.9]

 Knee - sagittal (°/s)

Normal arched

809.4 ± 269.7

787.0 ± 246.6

22.4 [−44.3,89.1]

.892

.457

.783

Flat-footed

816.6 ± 249.0

806.3 ± 228.1

10.3 [−50.4,71.1]

MD_foot [95% CI]

−7.2 [− 221.3, 206.8]

−19.3 [− 215.2176.6]

 Ankle - sagittal (°/s)

Normal arched

1041.1 ± 120.4

1065.5 ± 205.0

24.4[−46.3,95.1]

.701

.909

.281

Flat-footed

1085.0 ± 121.8

1065.2 ± 115.7

−19.8 [−46.8.7.3]

MD_foot [95% CI]

43.8 [−55.3142.9]

−0.3 [−142.5141.8]

 Ankle - frontal (°/s)

Normal arched

176.6 ± 103.8

247.0 ± 275.3

−70.4 [210.3,69.5]

.742

.614

.213

Flat-footed

206.9 ± 120.2

177.0 ± 145.7

30.2 [−15.8,76.3]

MD_foot [95% CI]

−30.3 [−121.2,60.5]

70.3 [−118.4259.0]