Foot orthoses alter lower limb biomechanics but not jump performance in basketball players with and without flat feet

Malia Ho; Pui Wah Kong; Lowell Jia-Yee Chong; Wing-Kai Lam

doi:10.1186/s13047-019-0334-1

Table 2 Countermovement jump kinetics of participants when wearing control and prefabricated orthosis

From: Foot orthoses alter lower limb biomechanics but not jump performance in basketball players with and without flat feet

Variables	Foot type group	Control	Orthosis	MD_orthosis [95% CI]	ANOVA p-value
Variables	Foot type group	(Mean ± SD)	(Mean ± SD)	MD_orthosis [95% CI]	Foot type	Orthosis	Interaction
Peak vertical GRF (%BW)	Normal arched	1.39 ± 0.20	1.38 ± 0.18	0.01 [− 0.01,-0.03]	.059	.332	.808
	Flat-footed	1.26 ± 0.09	1.26 ± 0.09	0.01 [− 0.01,0.03]
	MD_foot [95% CI]	0.12 [0.01,0.26]	0.12 [0.00,0.25]
Peak joint moment
Hip - sagittal (Nm/kg)	Normal arched	0.51 ± 0.56	0.47 ± 0.48	0.04 [0.40,0.48]	.071	.896	.827
	Flat-footed	0.27 ± 0.16	0.27 ± 0.15	−0.01 [− 0.05,0.04]
	MD_foot [95% CI]	0.25 [− 0.11,0.60]	0.19 [− 0.12,0.51]
Knee - sagittal (Nm/kg)	Normal arched	1.22 ± 0.35	1.28 ± 0.23	− 0.06 [− 0.15,0.04]	.495	.968	.188
	Flat-footed	1.20 ± 0.27	1.14 ± 0.33	−0.05 [− 0.10,0.20]
	MD_foot [95% CI]	0.03 [−0.24,0.29]	0.13 [−0.10,0.36]
Ankle - sagittal (Nm/kg)	Normal arched	0.97 ± 0.21	1.01 ± 0.13	0.04 [−0.02,0.09]	.219	.774	.086
	Flat-footed	0.94 ± 0.12	0.88 ± 0.18	−0.05 [− 0.15,0.05]
	MD_foot [95% CI]	−0.04 [− 0.18,0.11]	−0.12 [− 0.25,0.01]
Ankle - frontal (Nm/kg)	Normal arched	0.13 ± 0.11	0.12 ± 0.09	0.01 [− 0.01,0.03]	.910	.122	.980
	Flat-footed	0.13 ± 0.06	0.12 ± 0.07	0.01 [− 0.01,0.03]
	MD_foot [95% CI]	0.00 [−0.07,0.07]	0.00 [−0.06,0.07]
Peak joint power
Hip - sagittal (W/kg)	Normal arched	4.18 ± 3.96	5.36 ± 6.97	−1.18 [−2.97,0.61]	.012	.217	.225
	Flat-footed	0.27 ± 0.16	0.27 ± 0.15	−0.01 [− 0.05,0.03]
	MD_foot [95% CI]	3.91 [1.43,6.39]	5.08 [0.71,9.45]
Knee - sagittal (W/kg)	Normal arched	8.14 ± 2.93	8.33 ± 1.82	− 0.18 [−1.15,0.79]	.122	.716	.392
	Flat-footed	7.22 ± 1.41	6.77 ± 1.77	0.45 [− 0.87,1.78]
	MD_foot [95% CI]	0.92 [−1.07,2.91]	1.56 [0.05,3.06]
Ankle - sagittal (W/kg)	Normal arched	7.31 ± 2.54	7.65 ± 1.78	−0.34 [−1.04,0.37]	.829	.594	.112
	Flat-footed	7.66 ± 1.01	6.98 ± 2.12	0.67 [−0.56,1.90]
	MD_foot [95% CI]	−0.34 [−1.91,1.21]	0.67 [−0.95,2.28]
Ankle - frontal (W/kg)	Normal arched	0.18 ± 0.23	0.16 ± 0.12	0.02 [− 0.06,0.10]	.803	.693	.588
	Flat-footed	0.15 ± 0.17	0.15 ± 0.20	0.00 [−0.05,0.05]
	MD_foot [95% CI]	0.03 [−0.14,0.20]	0.01 [− 0.13,0.14]

GRF ground reaction force, MD_foot mean difference in foot type (flat foot – normal arch), MD_foot mean difference in orthosis condition (orthosis – control), CI confidence intervals, ANOVA Analysis of Variance. *Significant differences (p < .05) are shown in bold

Back to article page