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Table 1 Demographic characteristics of participants

From: Gender differences in attitudes and attributes of people using therapeutic shoes for diabetic foot complications

  

All (n = 443)

Men (n = 294)

Women (n = 149)

P-valuea

Age, mean (sd)

 

69.2 (10.6)

69.1 (10.3)

69.4 (11.4)

0.794

Education, n (%)

Incomplete elementary schooling

11 (2.5)

8 (2.7)

3 (2.0)

0.758b

Elementary school

150 (33.9)

103 (35.0)

47 (31.5)

0.502

Upper secondary school

154 (34.8)

104 (35.4)

50 (33.6)

0.756

College/university

110 (24.8)

68 (23.1)

42 (28.2)

0.218

Missing

18 (4.1)

11 (3.7)

7 (4.7)

 

Occupation, n (%)c

Retired

306 (69.1)

206 (70.1)

100 (67.1)

0.548

Paid employment

74 (16.7)

60 (20.4)

14 (9.4)

0.003

Unemployed

12 (2.7)

7 (2.4)

5 (3.4)

0.547b

Student

3 (0.7)

1 (0.3)

2 (1.3)

0.262b

Disability pension

58 (13.1)

30 (10.2)

28 (18.8)

0.011

Sick leave

25 (5.6)

16 (5.4)

9 (6.0)

0.790

Missing

8 (1.8)

5 (1.7)

3 (2.0)

 

Diabetes type, n (%)

Type 1

120 (27.1)

71 (24.1)

49 (32.9)

0.051

Type 2

320 (72.2)

220 (74.8)

100 (67.1)

0.087

Other type

3 (0.7)

3 (1.0)

0

0.554b

Missing

0

0

0

 

Current ulcer, n (%)

Yes

135 (30.5)

89 (30.3)

46 (30.9)

0.897

No

305 (68.8)

203 (69.0)

102 (68.5)

 

Missing

3 (0.7)

2 (0.7)

1 (0.7)

 

Previous ulcer, n (%)

Yes

254 (57.3)

185 (62.9)

69 (46.3)

0.001

No

175 (39.5)

100 (34.0)

75 (50.3)

 

Missing

14 (3.2)

9 (3.1)

5 (3.4)

 

Minor amputation, n (%)

Yes

62 (14.0)

52 (17.7)

10 (6.7)

0.002

No

370 (83.5)

237 (80.6)

133 (89.3)

 

Missing

11 (2.5)

5 (1.7)

6 (4.0)

 

Major amputation, n (%)

Yes

20 (4.5)

17 (5.8)

3 (2.0)

0.074

No

414 (93.5)

272 (92.5)

142 (95.3)

 

Missing

9 (2.0)

5 (1.7)

4 (2.7)

 
  1. aA two-sided t-test was used to compare the age of men and women. Two-sided chi-square tests were used for all other comparisons. For variables with two response categories, a single chi-square test was used. For variables with three or more response categories, a separate chi-square test was used for each response category. P-values less than 0.05 are written in boldface
  2. bTwo-sided Fischer’s exact test was used because at least one cell had an expected cell count below 5
  3. cThe percentages add up to more than 100% because more than one alternative could be chosen