Physical and mechanical therapies for lower limb symptoms in children with Hypermobility Spectrum Disorder and Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome: a systematic review

Table 4 Outcomes after 8 weeks training to neutral range versus hypermobile range of knee extension

Outcome	Neutral range training group (n = 14)			Hypermobile range training group (n = 11)			Between group differences		Cohen’s D
Outcome	Baseline Mean (SD)	8 weeks Mean (SD)	Mean Change	Baseline Mean (SD)	8 weeks Mean (SD)	Mean Change	Mean change difference	95% CI	Cohen’s D
Child reported knee pain (mean) ^a	40.04 (16.59)	20.14 (18.37)	−19.9	38.55 (16.89)	29.36 (17.99)	−9.19	10.71	−7.9 to 29.33	0.61
Child reported knee pain (max)^a	57.68 (23.12)	35.64 (28.57)	−22.04	53.23 (23.55)	39.18 (27.21)	−14.05	7.99	−14.66 to 30.64	0.31
CHAQ Score	−0.13 (0.44)	−0.01 (0.60)	0.12	0.04 (0.71)	0.05 (0.72)	0.02	0.10	−0.25 to 0.45	0.16
No. flights of stairs/2 min	16.32 (5.00)	20.11 (5.52)	3.79	20.88 (6.69)	20.55 (5.44)	−0.33	−4.12	0.301 to − 8.523	0.73
CHQ Physical Summary^c	32.01 (11.86)	42.08 (10.81)	10.07	41.61 (14.96)	43.91 (15.05)	2.3	−7.77	−14.99 to -.055^b	0.59
CHQ Psychosocial Summary^c	46.35 (12.26)	45.41 (13.49)	−0.94	46.29 (8.95)	54.41 (4.42)	8.12	9.06	2.66 to 15.47^b	0.83

^aUsing 100 mm VAS Scale; ^bstatistically significant, ^cA difference of 7 or more points indicates a clinically significant difference [47].CHAQ: Child Health Assessment Questionnaire, N Newtons. CHQ: Child Health Questionnaire. Lower score desirable for all outcomes but number of flight of stairs/2 min and CHQ summaries

ISSN: 1757-1146