Custom-made foot orthoses: an analysis of prescription characteristics from an Australian commercial orthotic laboratory

Menz, Hylton B.; Allan, Jamie J.; Bonanno, Daniel R.; Landorf, Karl B.; Murley, George S.

doi:10.1186/s13047-017-0204-7

Table 1 Prescription characteristics of the three clusters

From: Custom-made foot orthoses: an analysis of prescription characteristics from an Australian commercial orthotic laboratory

	Cluster 1 (n = 224)	Cluster 2 (n = 540)	Cluster 3 (n = 236)	p
Orthosis type
Traditional^a	119 (56.1)	291 (55.5)	83 (35.2)	<0.001
Concave wedge^a	82 (38.7)	211 (40.3)	127 (55.0)	<0.001
Wedge	3 (1.4)	2 (0.4)	5 (2.2)	0.068
Court (hook)	3 (1.4)	12 (2.3)	1 (0.4)	0.174
Court (full)^a	5 (2.4)	8 (1.5)	15 (6.5)	0.001
Cast correction in degrees – rearfoot^b
-11 to 2^a	56 (25.0)	187 (34.6)	0 (0.0)	<0.001
3 to 5^a	68 (30.4)	224 (41.5)	0 (0.0)	<0.001
6 to 9^a	71 (31.7)	129 (23.9)	5 (2.1)	<0.001
10 to 35^a	29 (12.9)	0 (0.0)	231 (97.9)	<0.001
Cast correction in degrees – forefoot^c
-10 to -1^a	10 (4.5)	46 (8.5)	7 (3.0)	0.006
0^a	194 (21.7)	478 (88.5)	223 (94.5)	0.012
1 to 30^a	20 (8.9)	16 (3.0)	6 (2.5)	<0.001
Arch fill technique
Modified Root^a	31 (14.0)	65 (12.2)	5 (2.1)	<0.001
Mid^a	109 (49.1)	334 (62.9)	29 (12.3)	<0.001
Mid-modified Root^a	56 (25.2)	89 (16.8)	23 (9.7)	<0.001
Inverted^a	2 (0.9)	3 (0.3)	50 (5.1)	<0.001
Inverted-mid^a	12 (5.4)	24 (4.5)	116 (49.2)	<0.001
Inverted-modified Root^a	1 (0.5)	0 (0.0)	8 (3.4)	<0.001
Inverted mid-modified Root^a	1 (0.5)	0 (0.0)	4 (1.7)	0.011
Arch fill – optional
Minimum	48 (21.6)	94 (17.5)	38 (16.1)	0.272
Standard	168 (75.7)	417 (77.8)	186 (78.8)	0.389
Maximum	6 (2.7)	25 (4.7)	12 (5.1)	0.710
Cast modifications
Medial heel skive^a	22 (9.8)	72 (13.3)	9 (3.8)	<0.001
Lateral heel skive^a	4 (1.8)	8 (1.5)	2 (0.8)	0.674
Triplanar heel shave^a	3 (1.3)	19 (3.5)	1 (0.4)	0.017
No plaster fill between 1-5^a	32 (14.3)	60 (11.1)	10 (4.2)	<0.001
Cuboid notch^a	66 (29.5)	174 (32.2)	94 (39.8)	0.043
Plantar 5th ray grind	34 (15.2)	114 (21.1)	56 (23.7)	0.063
Plantar fascial accommodation^a	95 (42.4)	174 (32.2)	82 (34.7)	0.027
1st ray accommodation	39 (17.4)	119 (22.0)	53 (22.5)	0.305
Heel expansion	15 (6.7)	17 (3.1)	13 (5.5)	0.068
Medial flare^a	33 (14.7)	50 (9.3)	59 (25.0)	<0.001
Medial wrap	6 (2.7)	6 (1.1)	3 (1.3)	0.254
Shell material
Polypropylene	202 (92.2)	489 (91.6)	222 (94.9)	0.246
Carbon fibre / TL2100	1 (0.5)	3 (0.6)	0 (0.0)	0.525
EVA	16 (7.3)	43 (8.1)	12 (5.1)	0.355
Shell modifications
Heel aperture	26 (11.6)	47 (8.7)	18 (7.6)	0.298
1st ray cut-out	14 (6.3)	35 (6.5)	12 (5.1)	0.752
Lateral plantar grind^a	4 (1.8)	9 (1.7)	26 (11.0)	<0.001
Gait plate	3 (1.3)	5 (0.9)	3 (0.3)	0.847
Low profile shell^a	31 (13.9)	80 (14.8)	60 (25.4)	0.002
Heel stabiliser^a	167 (74.6)	372 (68.9)	194 (82.2)	<0.001
Cover shape
No cover – polished^a	1 (0.6)	20 (4.2)	4 (2.1)	0.041
No cover – rough	3 (1.8)	15 (3.2)	8 (4.2)	0.400
Standard^a	3 (1.8)	75 (15.9)	27 (14.3)	<0.001
Standard plus^b	5 (2.9)	53 (11.2)	16 (9.5)	0.005
Web	10 (5.8)	55 (11.6)	18 (9.5)	0.094
Full^b	149 (87.1)	255 (53.9)	116 (61.4)	<0.001

^asignificant difference between clusters according to chi-square analysis
^bvariable divided into quartiles for analysis
^c variable divided into tertiles for analysis
Values are n (%)

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