Table 3 Physical assessment generated statements, round in which they were accepted, presence of paediatric ranges and if they were incorporated based on acceptable reliability

What reflexes should be tested in the lower limb?

66. Patella (knee jerk, quadriceps) (Grading 0–4)

94

1

N/A

Yes [25]

67. Achilles (ankle jerk, gastrocnemius) (Grading 0–4)

84

1

N/A

Yes [25]

68. Plantar reflex (up or down going)

71

1

N/A

Yes [26]

What other neurological observations should be recorded?

69. Presence of ankle catch (R1/R2)

88

2

N/A

Yes [25]

70. Presence of ankle clonus

94

2

N/A

Yes [25]

71. Dorsiflexion strength (Grading 0–5)

71

2

No

Yes [27]

72. Plantarflexion strength (Grading 0–5)

71

2

No

Yes [27]

73. Inversion strength (Grading 0–5)

71

2

No

Yes [27]

74. Eversion strength (Grading 0–5)

71

2

No

Yes [27]

75. Beighton score

94

2

Yes [28]

Yes [28]

How is hip range of movement measured?

76. Internal/external rotation with the knee flexed and extended)

76

1

Yes [3, 5]

Yes [3]

77. Modified Thomas test

71

1

Yes [5, 29]

Yes [30]

78. Hip abduction

71

8

1

Yes [5, 31]

Yes [31]

How is hamstring range of movement measured?

79. Popliteal angle

88

1

Yes [7]

Yes [5]

How leg length measured?

80. Observation (frontal plane pelvic/shoulder tilt, scoliosis check, knee creases, head tilt, foot posture, gait)

94

2

N/A

Yes [24]

How is the rotational profile measured?

81. Foot thigh angle

82

2

Yes [5]

Yes [32]

82. Other observations:(metatarsus adductus)

76

82

2

Yes [33]

Yes^a

How is ankle range of movement measured?

83. Non weight bearing ankle dorsiflexion with knee extended and knee flexed)

94

1

Yes [5]

Yes^b[34]

84. Weight bearing lunge test (knee extended and flexed)

76

82

2

Yes [3, 35]

Yes [1]

85. Observed ability to squat

88

88

2

No

No

84. Observed ability to walk on toes

88

88

2

No

No

85. Observed ability to heel walk

88

88

2

No

No

How is the presence of a genu valgum/genu varum measured?

86. Inter-condylar/inter-malleolar distance (Weight-bearing)

82

1

Yes [36]

Yes [37]

How is foot posture measured?

87. Foot Posture Index-6

76

1

Yes [2]

Yes [38]

88. Hubscher maneuver (Jack’s test)

82

2

No

No

89. Subtalar joint axis

71

2

No

No

90. Subtalar joint ROM

71

2

No

No

91. Forefoot to rearfoot relationship

71

2

No

No

92. Midtarsal joint non weightbearing ROM

71

2

No

No

93. 1st MPJ Non weightbearing ROM

76

2

No

No

94. Ability to stand on tip toes

82

2

No

No

95. Does the rearfoot resupinate while on tiptoes

82

2

No

No