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Table 2 Regression models of the kinematic variables

From: Are clinical measures of foot posture and mobility associated with foot kinematics when walking?

ROM kinematic variables. 0-20 % of the gait cycle

Kinematic variable – plane of motion

ROM Variable

Variables in block 1

Block 1 adjusted R2

Foot posture measure added

Block 2 adjusted R2

Change in R2

P value

  Hallux-medial forefoot – transverse

Abduction

-

-

NNHt

0.110

-

0.001

  Hallux-medial forefoot – frontal

Eversion

Step length

0.089

FPI

0.196

0.113

<0.001

Truncated foot length

NNHt

0.238

0.153

<0.001

1st MTPJ dorsiflexion

DAH

0.161

0.079

0.003

ROM kinematic variables. 20-70 % of the gait cycle

 Midfoot-rearfoot – frontal

Eversion

Step length

0.092

FPI

0.170

0.084

0.002

Height

NNHt

0.178

0.092

0.001

1st MTPJ dorsiflexion

DAH

0.148

0.063

0.009

Peak kinematic variables

       

Kinematic variable – plane of motion

Peak variable

Variables in block 1

Block 1 adjusted R2

Foot posture measure added

Block 2 adjusted R2

Change in R2

P value

  Rearfoot / leg – transverse plane

Abduction

-

 

NNHt

0.097

-

0.001

AI

0.087

-

0.002

FMM

0.080

-

0.003

  Rearfoot / leg – transverse plane

Adduction

Foot length

0.039

FPI

0.263

0.222

<0.001

Truncated foot length

NNHt

0.238

0.199

<0.001

Ankle Inversion

AI

0.164

0.129

<0.001

Ankle ROM

  Rearfoot / leg – frontal plane

Inversion

Step length

0.116

FPI

0.205

0.093

0.001

Height

NNHt

0.198

0.086

0.002

Weight

Ankle Inversion

Ankle ROM

  Midfoot / rearfoot – sagittal plane

Dorsiflexion

1st MTPJ dorsiflexion

0.053

FPI

0.114

0.070

0.007

DAH

0.121

0.076

0.005

  Midfoot / rearfoot – transverse plane

Adduction

Height

0.207

FPI

0.311

0.108

<0.001

Weight

NNHt

0.322

0.188

<0.001

Truncated foot length

AI

0.278

0.076

0.002

DAH

0.286

0.084

0.001

  Midfoot / rearfoot – frontal plane

Eversion

1st MTPJ dorsiflexion

0.040

FPI

0.139

0.106

0.001

Ankle inversion

  Lat forefoot / midfoot – transverse plane

Abduction

Stride length

0.073

FPI

0.123

0.057

0.014

Weight

Ankle inversion

Ankle ROM

  Lat forefoot / midfoot – transverse plane

Adduction

Stride length

0.143

FPI

0.241

0.099

0.001

Height

NNHt

0.198

0.060

0.009

Weight

AI

0.207

0.068

0.005

Lunge

Ankle eversion

Ankle ROM

  Hallux / medial forefoot – frontal plane

Inversion

Foot length

0.100

FPI

0.180

0.085

0.002

Truncated foot length

NNHt

0.099

0.063

0.011

1st MTPJ dorsiflexion

Ankle inversion

  1. FPI Foot Posture Index, NNHt Normalised navicular height truncated, AI Arch index, DAH Dorsal arch height, FMM Foot mobility magnitude