Skip to main content

Table 2 Residual symptoms in ALALS participants after one year of follow-up

From: Effects of soft bracing or taping on a lateral ankle sprain: a non-randomised controlled trial evaluating recurrence rates and residual symptoms at one year

 

Soft bracing N = 681

Taping N = 651

RR (95%CI)

P-value

Swelling, n (%)

11

(16.2)

12

(18.5)

0.9 (0.4 to 1.8)

0.820

Functional outcome (limited flexion), n (%)

20

(29.4)

18

(27.7)

1.1 (0.6 to 1.8)

0.850

Passive instability (anterior ankle test), n (%)

20

(29.4)

8

(12.3)

2.4 (1.1 to 5.0)

0.019

Passive instability (talar tilt test), n (%)

16

(23.9)

17

(26.2)

0.9 (0.5 to 1.6)

0.842

Active instability of injured ankle, n (%)

      

Active instability with, n (%):

      

 - one leg stance, eyes open

5

(7.4)

4

(6.2)

1.2 (0.3 to 4.3)

1.000

 - one leg stance, eyes closed

48

(70.6)

39

(60.0)

1.2 (0.9 to 1.5)

0.208

 - one leg stance, eyes closed, with knee in 45° flexion

50

(73.5)

44

(67.7)

1.1 (0.9 to 1.4)

0.568

 - one leg stance, eyes closed, with knee in 45° flexion, standing on the forefoot

68

(100.0)

65

(100.0)

1.0 (1.0 to 1.0)

1.000

Pain in the ankle joint during walking, running, pivoting and jumping, n (%)

21

(27.7)

18

(30.9)

1.1 (0.7 to 1.9)

0.707

  1. 1 17 participants underwent no physical exam after one year of follow-up and 7 participants were excluded from the analyses because of other ankle injuries (tape n = 15; brace n = 9).