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Table 4 Plantar pressure data for the forefoot (N = 37)

From: Comparison of the pressure-relieving properties of various types of forefoot pads in older people with forefoot pain

Condition (forefoot pad)

Peak pressure (kPa)

Maximum force (%BW)

Contact area (cm2)

 

Mean (SD)

% change

P value

Mean (SD)

% change

P value

Mean (SD)

% change

P value

Control–shoe only, no padding

399.0 (117.6)

N/A

N/A

86.3 (11.3)

N/A

N/A

47.5 (4.9)

N/A

N/A

Metatarsal dome 10 mm proximal

364.7 (98.8)

-9%*

0.004

82.8 (10.4)

-4%*

0.024

50.4 (3.6)

+6%*

0.002

Metatarsal dome positioned 5 mm distal

331.9 (100.3)

-17%*

<0.001

81.7 (11.2)

-5%*

0.006

49.2 (4.3)

+4%

0.176

Metatarsal bar

358.2 (110.4)

-10%*

<0.001

81.3 (11.1)

-6%*

0.001

53.7 (3.6)

+13%*

<0.001

Plantar cover

322.0 (80.6)

-19%*

<0.001

80.7 (7.9)

-6%*

<0.001

51.8 (5.0)

+9%*

<0.001

Metatarsal dome 10 mm proximal vs metatarsal dome 5 mm distal

-9%

<0.001

-1%

1.000

-2%

0.055

Metatarsal dome 10 mm proximal vs metatarsal bar

-2%

1.000

-2%

0.114

+7%

<0.001

Metatarsal dome 10 mm proximal vs plantar cover

+12%

0.007

-3%

0.111

+3%

0.070

Metatarsal dome 5 mm distal vs metatarsal bar

+8%

0.007

0%

1.000

+9%

<0.001

Metatarsal dome 5 mm distal vs plantar cover

-3%

1.000

-1%

1.000

+5%

<0.001

Metatarsal bar vs plantar cover

-10%

0.027

-1%

1.000

-4%

0.003

  1. *Mean difference significant at the 0.05 level (Bonferroni adjusted) compared to the shoe only–control condition.