Gait parameters associated with hallux valgus: a systematic review

Nix, Sheree E; Vicenzino, Bill T; Collins, Natalie J; Smith, Michelle D

doi:10.1186/1757-1146-6-9

Journal of Foot and Ankle Research

Table 3 Comparison of spatio-temporal parameters between HV and control groups (5 studies)

From: Gait parameters associated with hallux valgus: a systematic review

	Study ID	Ref	N HV cases	N Controls	SMD	95% CI
Gait cycle duration (s)	Deschamps 2010	[54]	20	22	−0.12	−0.72 to 0.49
	Martinez-Nova 2010	[56]	79	98	0.02	−0.28 to 0.31
Stance duration (% GC)	Deschamps 2010	[54]	20	22	0.05	−0.56 to 0.65
	Mickle 2011	[58]	36	36	0.05	−0.41 to 0.51
Swing duration (% GC)	Deschamps 2010	[54]	20	22	−0.05	−0.65 to 0.56
	Mickle 2011	[58]	36	36	−0.05	−0.51 to 0.41
Double support (% GC)	Mickle 2011	[58]	36	36	0.12	−0.35 to 0.58
Cadence (steps/min)
Level surface	Martinez-Nova 2010	[56]	79	98	0.30	0.00 to 0.60
Level surface	Menz 2005	[57]	21	50	−0.09	−0.60 to 0.42
Irregular surface	Menz 2005	[57]	21	50	−0.36	−0.87 to 0.16
Comfortable walking speed (m/s)
Level surface	Mickle 2011	[58]	36	36	0.17	−0.29 to 0.63
Level surface	Menz 2005	[57]	21	50	−0.50	−1.02 to 0.02
Irregular surface	Menz 2005	[57]	21	50	−0.73*	−1.25 to −0.20
Speed variability (cm/s)	Mickle 2011	[58]	36	36	0.24	−0.22 to 0.71
Average step length (cm)
Level surface	Mickle 2011	[58]	36	36	0	−0.46 to 0.46
Level surface	Menz 2005	[57]	21	50	−0.66*	−1.18 to −0.14
Irregular surface	Menz 2005	[57]	21	50	−0.59*	−1.11 to −0.07
Step length variability	Mickle 2011	[58]	36	36	0.19	−0.27 to 0.65
Stride length (cm)	Mickle 2011	[58]	36	36	0	−0.46 to 0.46
Stride length variability (cm)	Mickle 2011	[58]	36	36	0.13	−0.33 to 0.6
Step width (cm)	Mickle 2011	[58]	36	36	0.27	0.19 to 0.74
Step width variability (cm)	Mickle 2011	[58]	36	36	−0.13	−0.59 to 0.34
Toe out angle (°)	Mickle 2011	[58]	36	36	0.26	−0.2 to 0.73
Left feet	Taranto 2007	[60]	18	20	0.29	−0.35 to 0.93
Right feet	Taranto 2007	[60]	18	20	0.49	−0.16 to 1.14

Abbreviations: HV, hallux valgus; SMD, standardised mean difference; CI, confidence interval.
* Indicates a statistically significant difference.

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ISSN: 1757-1146

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