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Table 2 Mean, p value and 95% confidence interval for the difference between the means for the joint range of motion and velocity over the stance phase for barefoot and thong while walking and jogging

From: Effect of thong style flip-flops on children’s barefoot walking and jogging kinematics

 

Walk

 

Jog

 

Variable

Barefoot

Thong

  

Barefoot

Thong

  
 

Angle (°)

SD

Angle (°)

SD

p;<0.05

95% CI

Angle (°)

SD

Angle (°)

SD

p;<0.05

95% CI

Ankle sagittal

22.4

5.4

20.7

7.9

0.386

−2.39, 5.76

28.2

5.4

25.8

5.8

0.085

−0.383, 5.18

Ankle frontal

11.6

2.5

11.1

2.1

0.580

−1.59, 0.940

12.8

3.2

12.5

2.5

0.626

−1.03, 1.64

Ankle transverse

12.1

3.6

12.6

4.3

0.688

−2.78, 1.90

10.1

3.6

9.3

3.2

0.162

−0.376, 2.01

Midfoot sagittal

21.8

6.1

21.2

6.1

0.701

−2.69, 3.87

25.0

5.0

22.9

3.2

0.116

−0.589, 4.69

Midfoot frontal

7.0

1.4

7.4

4.0

0.656

−2.51, 1.64

6.7

3.2

6.0

2.2

0.452

−1.34, 2.82

Midfoot transverse

7.5

3.2

8.4

3.2

0.099

−1.90, 0.186

5.9

1.8

5.2

1.8

0.327

−0.794, 2.20

Hallux sagittal

30.4

7.6

25.3

6.5

0.80

−1.42, 5.29

25.0

7.6

22.3

6.1

0.170

−1.30, 6.56

Mean velocity (ms-2)

1.4

0.2

1.4

0.2

0.079

−1.24, 1.56

2.5

0.2

2.5

0.2

0.520

−2.34, 2.66

  1. * indicates a significant difference compared to barefoot when p < 0.05.