Table 5 Mean values (SD) and percentage change for the 1st MTPJ, lateral forefoot and hallux at week 0 (N = 30)
From: The effect of customised and sham foot orthoses on plantar pressures
1st MTPJ | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Peak pressure (kPa) | Maximum force (%BW) | Contact area (cm2) | ||||||
Insert | Mean (SD) | % change | p-value | Mean (SD) | % change | p-value | Mean (SD) | % change | p-value |
Shoe only (control) | 179.7 (56.3) | n/a | n/a | 16.5 (6.9) | n/a | n/a | 10.0 (1.3) | n/a | n/a |
Customised foot orthosis | 176.2 (51.6) | −2% | 1.000 | 17.1 (5.4) | +4% | 1.000 | 10.6 (1.0) | +6% | 0.425 |
Contoured polyethylene | 176.2 (46.6) | −2% | 1.000 | 16.7 (5.4) | +1% | 1.000 | 10.7 (1.0) | +6%* | 0.020 |
Contoured EVA | 169.1 (49.7) | −6% | 0.074 | 16.0 (5.8) | −3% | 1.000 | 10.6 (1.0) | +5% | 0.096 |
Flat EVA | 171.3 (49.8) | −5% | 1.000 | 16.7 (5.7) | +1% | 1.000 | 10.7 (1.0) | +6% | 0.061 |
Lateral forefoot | |||||||||
| Â | Peak pressure (kPa) | Maximum force (%BW) | Contact area (cm 2 ) | ||||||
Insert | Mean (SD) | % change | p -value | Mean (SD) | % change | p -value | Mean (SD) | % change | p -value |
Shoe only (control) | 204.8 (66.1) | n/a | 0.194 | 30.8 (9.2) | n/a | n/a | 18.3 (1.5) | n/a | n/a |
Customised foot orthosis | 191.6 (54.1) | −6% | 0.194 | 30.1 (5.9) | −2%^ | 1.000 | 18.5 (1.7) | +1% | 0.252 |
Contoured polyethylene | 205.2 (56.2) | 0%†+ | 1.000 | 32.9 (7.2) | +7%*#†+ | 0.048 | 18.5 (1.6) | +1% | 0.444 |
Contoured EVA | 193.3 (56.9) | −6%^ | 0.665 | 30.9 (7.7) | 0%^ | 1.000 | 18.5 (1.7) | +1% | 0.252 |
Flat EVA | 191.8 (58.2) | −6%^ | 0.177 | 30.8 (6.9) | 0%^ | 1.000 | 18.5 (1.7) | +1% | 0.533 |
Hallux | |||||||||
| Â | Peak pressure (kPa) | Maximum force (%BW) | Contact area (cm 2 ) | ||||||
Insert | Mean (SD) | % change | p -value | Mean (SD) | % change | p -value | Mean (SD) | % change | p -value |
Shoe only (control) | 248.2 (58.9) | n/a | n/a | 29 .0(4.8) | n/a | n/a | 14.3 (1.2) | n/a | n/a |
Customised foot orthosis | 258.6 (79.8) | +4% | 1.000 | 29.2 (5.3) | +1% | 1.000 | 14.1 (1.3) | −1% | 1.000 |
Contoured polyethylene | 256.3 (91.0) | +3% | 1.000 | 28.2 (5.8) | −3% | 1.000 | 14.2 (1.2) | 0% | 1.000 |
Contoured EVA | 259.4 (96.5) | +5% | 1.000 | 28.9 (5.5) | 0% | 1.000 | 14.2 (1.3) | 0% | 1.000 |
Flat EVA | 260.0 (94.8) | +5% | 1.000 | 29.3 (5.4) | +1% | 1.000 | 14.3 (1.1) | 0% | 1.000 |