Table 1 RMS diff and max diff over the whole stance phase and ROM assessed by videofluoroscopy (fluoro) and skin marker analysis (skin). Mean and SD over all 11 subjects of sagittal (sag), frontal (front) and transverse (trans) plane rotations, * statistically significant difference between fluoro and and skin (p<0.05).
| Level gait | Uphill | Downhill | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sag | Front | Trans | Sag | Front | Trans | Sag | Front | Trans | |||||||||||
| RMS diff [°] |
Mean
± SD |
1.5 ± 0.7 |
2.0 ± 0.9 |
2.9 ± 1.0 |
1.5 ± 0.6 |
2.4 ± 1.4 |
2.8 ± 1.2 |
1.7 ± 0.6 |
2.0 ± 0.9 |
3.0 ± 1.2 | |||||||||
| Max diff [°] |
Mean
± SD |
3.9 ± 1.7 |
4.9 ± 2.5 |
6.8 ± 2.7 |
3.6 ± 1.8 |
5.1 ± 2.8 |
5.7 ± 2.2 |
4.3 ± 1.7 |
4.5 ± 1.9 |
5.7 ± 1.9 | |||||||||
| Fluoro | Skin | Fluoro | Skin | Fluoro | Skin | Fluoro | Skin | Fluoro | Skin | Fluoro | Skin | Fluoro | Skin | Fluoro | Skin | Fluoro | Skin | ||
| ROM [°] |
Mean
± SD |
10.0* ± 2.8 |
11.6* ± 2.9 |
2.9* ± 1.0 |
5.8* ± 2.1 |
8.1* ± 2.9 |
6.5* ± 2.7 |
9.6* ± 4.8 |
11.5* ± 3.3 |
2.5* ± 0.7 |
5.6* ± 2.7 |
6.6 ± 2.3 |
6.8 ± 3.2 |
13.1 ± 3.7 |
14.7 ± 2.7 |
3.0* ± 0.6 |
5.4* ± 2.1 |
7.7* ± 2.5 |
5.7* ± 2.3 |