Table 4 Follow up, compliance and details of harmful effects
From: The effectiveness of manual stretching in the treatment of plantar heel pain: a systematic review
| Â | DiGiovanni et al [15] | Hyland et al [17] | Porter et al [14] | Radford et al [19] | Sharma and Loudon [20] | Wynne et al [18] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Follow up (weeks) | 8 | 1 (0 & 1) | 4 months (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4) | 2 weeks (0 & 2) | 12 (0, 4, 8 & 12) | 10 (0, 3, intervals to 8-10) |
Compliance | Exercise logs provided but not collected for analysis. Questioning: n = 1 in plantar fascia stretch group and n = 4 in Achilles stretch group stopped stretching at 8 weeks | All interventions applied by Therapist | Sustained stretching group: 74.5% (SD 18.4) of stretches completed. Intermittent group: 81.2% (SD 20.6) of stretches completed. p = 0.2175 | Daily journal kept by all participants. Details of compliance not stated | Not measured. | Not applicable as stretch applied by Therapist. |
Drop-outs | Overall 18.8% (n = 19). Plantar fascia stretching group 9.8% (n = 5). Tendo Achilles Stretching group 28% (n = 14). | Overall = 2% (n = 1). Group obtaining the drop-out not specified | Overall 21% (n = 28) Sustained stretching group 6.0% (n = 14). Intermittent stretching group 35.0% (n = 14). Control group 0% | 0% (n = 0) | Overall 24% (n = 4), Stretching 12.5% (n = 1), Splint 33% (n = 3) | Overall 5% (n = 1) Crossover trial therefore drop-out not specific to a single group |
Reasons for dropping-out | Not stated | Not stated | Requested injection or surgery. Unwilling to travel. Other medical disorders. (no break-down provided) | Not applicable | Not known. | Subject failed to record data fully, results therefore discarded. |
Reports of harmful effects | Not stated | No adverse effects from taping. No statement about stretching | Not stated | Stretching group: Increased heel pain (n = 4), Calf pain (n = 4). New lower--limb pain (n = 2). Control group: nil | None reported. | Not stated |