Table 2 Sample sizes and population characteristics from each included study
Study | Symptomatic (yes/no) | Sample size (limbs) | Gender (n) (Male/Female) | Mean age ± SD (range) (years) | Mass (kg), height (cm), BMI | Experience: years of sporting activity | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Â | AT | C | AT | C | AT | C | AT | C | AT | C |
Azevedo et al. [27] | Yes | 21 | 21 | 16/5 | 16/5 | 41.8 ± 9.7 (NR) | 38.9 ± 10.1 (NR) | 77.6, 177.8, NR | 70.2, 174.3, NR | > 3 years* |  |
Baur et al. [11] | Yes | 16 | 28 | NR | NR | 36 ± 9 (NR)* | 73, 179, NR* | NR 'experienced'* | |||
Donoghue et al. [33] | No | 12 | 12 | 11/1 | 11/1 | 38.7 ± 8.1 (NR) | 44.3 ± 8.4 (NR) | 73.3, 175, NR | 79.3, 178, NR | NR | NR |
Donoghue et al. [34] | No | 11 | 11 | 10/1 | 10/1 | 39.6 ± 7.7 (NR) | 45.2 ± 8.1 (NR) | 71.9, 174, NR | 77.9, 177, NR | NR | NR |
Kaufman et al. [19] | No | 17 | 299 | 17/0 | 299/0 | 22.5 ± 2.5 (NR)* | 78.0, 177.0, NR* | 2-7 times/week fitness preparation, 73% reported having run or jogged on a regular basis for a period of 3 or more months before reporting to training* | |||
McCrory et al. [25] | Yes | 31 | 58 | NR | NR | 38.4 ± 1.8 (NR) | 34.5 ± 1.2 (NR) | 71.4, 174.5, NR | 70.0, 174.5, NR | 11.9 ± 1.4 | 9.6 ± 0.8 |
Ryan et al. [35] | Yes | 27 | 21 | NR | NR | 40 ± 7 (NR) | 40 ± 9 (NR) | 78, 181, NR | 71, 177, NR | NR | NR |
Van Ginckel et al. [2] | No | 10 | 53 | 2/8 | 8/45 | 38.0 ± 11.35 (NR) | 40.0 ± 9.00 (NR) | 69.8, 167.1, 24.95 | 70.0, 168.3, 24.69 | 0 | 0 |
Williams et al. [24] | No | 8 | 8 | 6/2 | 5/3 | 36.0 ± 8.2 (NR) | 31.8 ± 9.3 (NR) | 67.3, 176, NR | 65.6, 170, NR | 19.1 ± 7.7 | 11.0 ± 9.1 |