From: The effectiveness of manual stretching in the treatment of plantar heel pain: a systematic review
 | Outcome | Group | Baseline Score (+/- SD) | Follow up score (+/- SD) | Change in mean score (+/- SD) if available | Between group difference (p value) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Giovanni [15] | Pain (100 mm visual analogue scale) sub-scale of Foot Function Index (0 = no pain) | Weight bearing Achilles stretch | Not stated | Not stated | Pain at worst -14.7 ##(+/-19.9) 1st am steps -13.2 ##(+/-27.7) Combined pain score -13.0##(+/-20.8) | Pain at worst p = 0.02 #Mean 11.3 1st steps in morning p = 0.006 #Mean 17.9 Combined score p > 0.05 #Mean 6.0 |
 |  | Non weight bearing plantar fascia stretch | Not stated | Not stated | Pain at worst -26.0 ##(+/-24.3) 1st am steps -31.1 ##(+/-28.8) Combined pain score -19.0 ##(+/-19.9) |  |
Porter [14] | Foot and ankle pain score | Sustained | 57.5 (20.1) | 79.7 (17.5) | #22.2 | P = 0.315 |
 | (100 = no pain) | Intermittent | 53.5 (22.0) | 82.5 (15.2) | #29.0 |  |