The effect of customised and sham foot orthoses on plantar pressures

Table 2 Participant characteristics (N = 30)

Characteristic	Mean (SD)	Range
Age in years	25.1 (9.63)	19 to 51
Height in m	1.70 (0.11)	1.53 to 1.92
Body mass in kgs)	68.2 (13.8)	44 to 96
Body mass index in kg/m²	23.4 (4.07)	17 to 36
Foot posture index	+4 (3.84)	−4 to +10
Normalised navicular height truncated	0.24 (0.04)	0.16 to 0.33
Time on feet in h/day	5.7 (2.0)	3 to 12

Note: The foot posture index uses six criterion-based observations, which are each scored on a 5-point scale (range −2 to +2); these are then summated to produce a final score which can range from −12 (very supinated) to +12 (very pronated) [23]. The normalised navicular height truncated is the ratio of navicular height relative to the truncated foot length – with a lower ratio indicative of a flatter-arched foot [24].

ISSN: 1757-1146